In today’s dynamic energy environment, new methods have emerged for managing power sources and their integration into building wiring systems, as well as exporting surplus electricity generated onsite back into the utility grid. For example, as more energy storage systems are being installed, technology has advanced to keep up with the evolving energy landscape. The...

As battery energy storage systems (BESS) become more prevalent, pre-incident planning holds a pivotal role in ensuring effective and safe emergency response. By proactively familiarizing fire service professionals with the intricacies of BESS installations, potential risks, and emergency protocols, pre-incident planning equips responders with critical knowledge. Understanding battery technology, storage locations, shut-off procedures, and containment...

To inspect any system with batteries, at a minimum you should have voltage-rated gloves and safety glasses. Battery chemistry can range from flooded lead acid to lithium ion. The common factor is that a battery bank can store a lot of energy, and can discharge that current instantaneously. Have the right PPE for the job....

The International Residential Code (IRC) serves as a complete, comprehensive code regulating the construction of single-family houses, two-family houses (duplexes), and buildings consisting of three or more townhouse units. All buildings within the scope of the IRC are limited to three stories above grade plane. Section R328 of the IRC covers ESS, specifically the requirements...

Standard permitting and inspection processes for solar photovoltaic (PV) systems and energy storage systems (ESS) can vary greatly across local jurisdictions, increasing costs and extending project timelines for building officials, contractors, and system owners. For many residential projects, including rooftop PV systems up to 15 kilowatts (kW) and in some cases for ESS up to...

Solar energy systems can sometimes face more complicated and costly permitting processes in areas where permit reviewers are less familiar with the technology. A simplified process can help streamline the permitting of most residential rooftop photovoltaic (PV) systems, including those with energy storage. This simplified process can help reduce informational barriers and ensure that all...

Energy storage systems (ESS) are becoming more common across the country. When inspecting a PV + ESS, there can be a lot of system components to review, from the modules, to inverters and disconnects, to the ESS itself. To ensure a safe and correct inspection, it is valuable to understand the system components you will...

With the prevalence of energy storage system (ESS) installations, codes and standards have been updated to address the technology. Product standards like UL 9540 and testing like 9540A allow for safer installation of energy storage systems. The codes and standards require electrochemical ESSs to be listed in accordance with UL 9540, the Standard for Safety...

Permit applications are on the rise for residential energy storage systems in jurisdictions across the country. In some cases, building departments are seeing these systems for the first time. The permitting and inspection of an energy storage system extends beyond just the National Electrical Code® (NEC). The permit application should be reviewed by the wiring...

With the prevalence of energy storage systems (ESS), particularly battery energy storage systems (BESS), this question is asked by authorities having jurisdiction (AHJ) across the country. For one-two family dwelling units, BESS are permitted for installation in detached garages/accessory structures, attached garages separated from the dwelling in accordance with International Residential Code® IRC® R302.6 (occupancy...